Hydrated silica

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Hydrated silica is a form of silicon dioxide, which has a variable amount of water in the formula. When dissolved in water it is usually known as silicic acid. It is found in nature, as opal (which has been mined as a gemstone for centuries), and in the cell walls of diatoms. It is also manufactured for use in toothpaste. Once dehydrated the gel is used as a desiccant known as silica gel. It is also used in various paints and varnishes and in the production of beer.

Video Hydrated silica

Nature

In its pure form, as manufactured for toothpaste, it is an odourless, tasteless, white, gelatinous substance, which is chemically inert

Maps Hydrated silica

Chemical formula

Chemical Formula: SiO₂ · nH₂O

1 SiO₂ + 1 H₂O -> H₂SiO₃

1 SiO₂ + 2 H₂O -> H₄SiO₄ [also known as Si(OH)₄]

2 SiO₂ + 1 H₂O -> H₂Si₂O₅

2 SiO₂ + 3 H₂O -> H₆Si₂O₇

3 SiO₂ + 2 H₂O -> H₄Si₃O₈

3 SiO₂ + 4 H₂O -> H₈Si₃O₁₀

4 SiO₂ + 1 H₂O -> H₂Si₄O₉

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Use in toothpaste

Diatomaceous earth, originally mined as "tooth powder" is a naturally occurring hydrated silica. As a fine gel abrasive, frequently combined with softer calcium carbonate (from chalk) it helps to remove plaque. Milled to a slightly larger size, the grains are more aggressive and are used in tooth bleaching formulations.

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Flame retardant

It also has synergetic effects when compounded with traditional flame retardants such as magnesium hydroxide and aluminium hydroxide.

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Safety

Hydrated silica is listed by the US Food and Drug Administration as "Generally Recognized as Safe".

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References

Toothpaste: [1] Chemistry: [2] Opal: [3] Paint/Varnish: [4] Beer: [5]

Source of article : Wikipedia